He aha te Niho Taputapu?

He mea nui ngā taputapu i roto i te hangarau miihini o ēnei rā, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mea katoa mai i ngā karaka me ngā motuka ki ngā mīhini ahumahi me ngā pūnaha rererangi. Kei te ngākau o ia taputapu ko tōna āhuatanga tino nui ko te niho taputapu. Mā te mārama ki te hanganga, te mahi, me te hiranga o ngā niho taputapu ka kitea he māramatanga nui ki te āhua o te tuku mana a ngā taputapu me te whai hua me te pono puta noa i ngā tono maha.

Te Whakamāramatanga o te Niho Taputapu

Ko te niho taputapu te wāhanga takitahi e tū ana i runga i te porowhita o te wira taputapu. Ina honoa ngā taputapu e rua, ka honoa ō rāua niho i roto i tētahi tauira tika, ka taea ai te whakawhiti i te nekehanga hurihuri me te taipana mai i tētahi rakau ki tētahi atu. He āta hangaia ia niho me tētahi āhua motuhake, e mōhiotia ana ko te kōtaha involute, kia pai ai te hononga, kia iti ai te waku, kia ōrite ai ngā ōwehenga tere. Ki te kore he niho kua hoahoatia tika, ka paheke, ka piri rānei ngā taputapu, ā, kāore e taea te whakawhiti nekehanga tika.

Hanganga me te Āhuahanga

Ko te āhua o te niho taputapu ka āta tautuhia e ētahi tawhā matua. Ko te tāpiritanga e pā ana ki te teitei o te niho i runga ake i te porowhita piko, ko te dedendum ia ko te hohonu i raro iho. Ko te porowhita piko he porowhita whakaaro e tohu ana i te pūwāhi pānga whai hua i waenga i ngā taputapu honohono. Ko ētahi atu ine nui ko te koki pēhanga, te matotoru o te niho, me te piko kōwae, te piko diametral rānei, e āwhina ana ki te whakataurite i te hoahoa taputapu puta noa i ngā tono rerekē.

Kāore te āhua o te niho taputapu i te mea noa. Ko te kōtaha involute te āhua e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā taputapu hou nā te mea ka taea e ngā taputapu te pupuri i te ōwehenga tere pumau ahakoa te tawhiti i waenga i ngā pokapū. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, mena ka noho tika te tūnga o ngā taputapu, ka noho maeneene, ka whai hua hoki tā rātou nekehanga.

Ngā Mahi a ngā Niho Taputapu

He maha ngā mahi nui a te niho taputapu i roto i tētahi pūnaha miihini:

1. Te Tuku Nekehanga – Ka honoa ngā niho o te taputapu hei whakawhiti i te nekehanga hurihuri i waenga i ngā pou.

2. Te Tuku Taipana – Mā te hono hononga, ka taea e ngā niho taputapu te whakawhiti i te mana miihini me te whai hua, kia taea ai e ngā mīhini te whakahaere i ngā kawenga taumaha.

3. Te Whakahaere Tere me te Aronga – Ko te rahi me te maha o ngā niho taputapu e whakatau ana i te whakahekenga, te whakanuinga rānei o te tere, tae atu ki te ahunga hurihuri.

4. Te Tohatoha Utaina – Ka tohatoha ōritetia ngā kaha pa o ngā niho, ka whakaiti i te kakahu, ā, ka roa ake te ora o te mahi.

Ngā momo niho taputapu

Ka rerekē pea ngā niho taputapu i runga i te momo taputapu.Ngā taputapu whakakoi he niho tika e hangai ana ki te tuaka, e māmā ai engari he haruru i ngā tere tiketike.Ngā taputapu porowhitahe niho koki, e āta hono ana, e whakaiti ana i te haruru, me te tuku hoki i te kaha kawenga teitei ake.Ngā taputapu pikohe rite te āhua o ngā niho ki te whatunga i ngā kōhao e whakawhiti ana, i te meangā taputapu nokeWhakamahia ngā niho rite ki te tīwiri mō ngā ōwehenga whakaiti teitei. Ngā Taputapu Hīkoi Takirua (Herringbone):
He mea tito mai i ngā rarangi niho porowhita e rua me ngā koki e anga ke ana. Ka whakakorehia e tēnei whirihoranga te pana axial i hangaia e ngā taputapu porowhita kotahi, ka taea ai te whakamahi i te taipana teitei me te pumau nui ake.

Ngā Taputapu Ā-roto:
He niho kua tapahia ki te taha o roto o te mowhiti, o te rango rānei. Ka whakamahia ēnei i roto i ngā hoahoa kiato, pērā i ngā pūnaha taputapu aorangi, mā te hono atu ki ngā taputapu o waho.
Ngā niho whatanga me ngā niho pinion
Whakaahuatanga: He pae papatahi me ngā niho tika (te whatanga) e hono ana ki tētahi taputapu porowhita (te pinion).
Ngā Āhuatanga:
Ka huri i te nekehanga hurihuri hei nekehanga rārangi, me te hurihanga anō hoki.
Whakamahia i roto i ngā pūnaha urungi me ngā tono whakatere raina

Ka whakaritea e ia hoahoa te āhua o ngā niho ki ngā tono me ngā hiahia mahi motuhake.

Ngā Rauemi me te Pakari

Nā te mea ka taea e ngā niho taputapu te tu atu ki te ahotea tonu, te waku, me te pēhanga pa, he mea nui te whiriwhiri rauemi. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā koranu maitai nā te mea he kaha, he ātete hoki ki te kakahu, ko ngā maimoatanga mata pērā i te whakapūkara, te whakanitiriti, te pupuhi rānei ka whakarei ake i te pakeke me te roa o te ora o te ngenge. I ngā whakamahinga māmā ake, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rauemi pērā i te kirihou, te konumohe rānei hei whakaiti i te taumaha me te haruru.

Te Hiranga i roto i te Hangarau Hou

Ahakoa he iti te niho taputapu i te mīhini katoa, e whakatau ana i te mahi, te whai huatanga, me te pono o ngā pūnaha mīhini. Mā ngā niho taputapu kāore i te pai te hoahoa, te hanga rānei, ka nui rawa te wiri, te haruru, te tere o te pakaru, te pakaru kino rānei. Koia te take e aro nui ai ngā ahumahi ki te miihini tika, te huri, me te tirotiro i ngā niho taputapu i te wā e hangaia ana.